Abstract
Neonatal respiratory failure consists of several different disease entities, with different pathophysiologies. During the past 30 years technological advances have drastically altered both the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to newborns requiring mechanical assistance. Treatments have become both patient- and disease-specific. The clinician has numerous choices among the noninvasive and invasive ventilatory treatments that are currently in use. This article reviews the pathophysiology of respiratory failure in the newborn and the available methods to treat it, including continuous positive airway pressure, conventional and high-frequency mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and styles of ventilation and monitoring.
- pediatric
- respiratory
- pulmonary
- neonatal
- respiratory failure
- mechanical ventilation
- continuous positive airway pressure
- CPAP
- patient-triggered ventilation
- high-frequency ventilation
- permissive hypercapnia
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- ECMO
- monitoring
Footnotes
- Correspondence: Steven M Donn MD, CS Mott Children's Hospital, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Room F5790, Ann Arbor MI 48109-0254. E-mail: smdonnmd{at}med.umich.edu.
Steven M Donn MD presented a version of this report at the 31st Respiratory Care Journal Conference, Current Trends in Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, August 16-18, 2002, in Keystone, Colorado.
- Copyright © 2003 by Daedalus Enterprises Inc.