Abstract
The current trend for supporting neonates with respiratory distress syndrome is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Nearly half of all neonates who are supported with CPAP will still develop respiratory failure that requires potentially injurious endotracheal intubation and invasive ventilation. Thus, the role of any neonatal clinician is to minimize invasive ventilation whenever possible, to avoid the multitude of complications that can arise when using this form of therapy. Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a form of respiratory assistance that provides greater respiratory support than does CPAP and may prevent intubation in a larger fraction of neonates who would otherwise fail CPAP. With the inception of nasal airway interfaces, clinicians have ushered in many different forms of NIV in neonates, often with very little experimental data to guide management. This review will explore in detail all of the different forms of neonatal NIV that are currently focused within an area of intense clinical investigation.
- nasal ventilation
- infant mechanical ventilation
- neonatal intensive care
- noninvasive intermittent positive pressure ventilation
- nasal continuous positive airway pressure
Footnotes
- Correspondence: Robert M DiBlasi RRT-NPS FAARC, Seattle Children's Research Institute - Respiratory Care, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle WA 98101. E-mail: robert.diblasi{at}seattlechildrens.org.
Mr DiBlasi presented a version of this paper at the 47th Respiratory Care Journal Conference, “Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care: What Does the Future Hold?” held November 5–7, 2010, in Scottsdale, Arizona.
Mr DiBlasi has disclosed relationships with Monaghan Medical and GE Healthcare. Seattle Children's Research Institute has submitted a patent application to the World Intellectual Property Organization (PCT/US2009/039957) concerning one of the devices mentioned in this paper, and Mr DiBlasi is listed as an inventor on the application and could benefit from the invention.
↵* Mark Rogers RRT, CareFusion San Diego, California.
↵† Jeri E Eiserman MBA RRT FAARC, Teleflex Medical, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
- Copyright © 2011 by Daedalus Enterprises Inc.