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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Performance of the PneuX System: A Bench Study Comparison With 4 Other Endotracheal Tube Cuffs

Christopher T Chenelle, Taiga Itagaki, Daniel F Fisher, Lorenzo Berra and Robert M Kacmarek
Respiratory Care November 2016, respcare.04996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.04996
Christopher T Chenelle
Department of Respiratory Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Taiga Itagaki
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Daniel F Fisher
Department of Respiratory Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Lorenzo Berra
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Robert M Kacmarek
Department of Respiratory Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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  • For correspondence: rkacmarek@partners.org
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cuff design affects microaspiration, a risk factor for pneumonia. We questioned whether the PneuX low-volume fold-free cuff design would prevent cuff leakage and maintain the same tracheal wall pressure as high-volume, low-pressure (HVLP) cuffs.

METHODS: We evaluated 4 HVLP-cuffed endotracheal tubes (ETTs), Hi-Lo (polyvinyl chloride [PVC]), Microcuff (polyurethane [PU]), SealGuard (PU+tapered), and TaperGuard (PVC+tapered), and the PneuX with its dedicated tracheal seal monitor. In Part 1, we determined tracheal wall pressure using each cuff's capacity to support water columns across recommended intracuff pressures. In Part 2, we evaluated the tracheal seal monitor function at recommended settings. In Part 3, we compared leakage volumes of all ETTs during 30 min of simulated mechanical ventilation or during 8 h if no leak occurred. Parts 1 and 3 were performed with/without lubrication and PEEP.

RESULTS: In Part 1, PneuX cuffs exerted an average tracheal wall pressure of 27.4 ± 2.4 cm H2O at the recommended intracuff pressure of approximately 80 cm H2O. Tracheal wall pressure did not differ among HVLP cuffs (19.6 ± 1.4 to 29.5 ± 1.4 cm H2O). In Part 2, preinflation intracuff pressure affected the time to obtain tracheal seal monitor pressure attainment (P < .01). The tracheal seal monitor generated average calculated tracheal wall pressure of 33.4 ± 1.2 cm H2O. In Part 3, PneuX ETT showed no leak across 8 h for all trials. Overall, leakage volume was lower with PU (P < .01) and PneuX (P < .01) than with PVC cuffs, regardless of shape, and lower with lubrication and/or PEEP (all P < .01). In each HVLP cuff, lubrication alone eliminated leak at an intracuff pressure of ≤30 cm H2O.

CONCLUSIONS: The PneuX cuff generally exerted acceptable tracheal wall pressure, but the tracheal wall pressure monitor allowed pressures exceeding 30 cm H2O in some trials and was the only ETT to prevent leak in all tests. For HVLP cuffs, leak was reduced by PU and PEEP and eliminated by lubrication.

  • intubation
  • intratracheal
  • ventilator-associated pneumonia
  • respiratory aspiration

Footnotes

  • Correspondence: Robert M Kacmarek PhD RRT FAARC, Respiratory Care Services, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Warren Building 1225, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114. E-mail: rkacmarek{at}partners.org.
  • Copyright © 2016 by Daedalus Enterprises
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Respiratory Care: 63 (4)
Respiratory Care
Vol. 63, Issue 4
1 Apr 2018
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Performance of the PneuX System: A Bench Study Comparison With 4 Other Endotracheal Tube Cuffs
Christopher T Chenelle, Taiga Itagaki, Daniel F Fisher, Lorenzo Berra, Robert M Kacmarek
Respiratory Care Nov 2016, respcare.04996; DOI: 10.4187/respcare.04996

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Performance of the PneuX System: A Bench Study Comparison With 4 Other Endotracheal Tube Cuffs
Christopher T Chenelle, Taiga Itagaki, Daniel F Fisher, Lorenzo Berra, Robert M Kacmarek
Respiratory Care Nov 2016, respcare.04996; DOI: 10.4187/respcare.04996
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Keywords

  • intubation
  • intratracheal
  • ventilator-associated pneumonia
  • respiratory aspiration

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