RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 The Role of Rescue Therapies in the Treatment of Severe ARDS JF Respiratory Care FD American Association for Respiratory Care SP 92 OP 101 DO 10.4187/respcare.05752 VO 63 IS 1 A1 Francesco Alessandri A1 Francesco Pugliese A1 V Marco Ranieri YR 2018 UL http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/63/1/92.abstract AB ARDS is characterized by a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema with bilateral chest radiograph opacities and hypoxemia refractory to oxygen therapy. It is a common cause of admission to the ICU due to hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Corticosteroids are not recommended in ARDS patients. Rescue therapies alleviate hypoxemia in patients unable to maintain reasonable oxygenation: recruitment maneuvers, prone positioning, inhaled nitric oxide, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation improve oxygenation, but their impact on mortality remains unproven. Restrictive fluid management seems to be a favorable strategy with no significant reduction in 60-d mortality. Future studies are needed to clarify the efficacy of these therapies on outcomes in patients with severe ARDS, and institution of these therapies may be considered on a case-by-case basis.