TY - JOUR T1 - High-Flow Nasal Cannula May Not Reduce the Re-Intubation Rate Compared With a Large-Volume Nebulization-Based Humidifier JF - Respiratory Care SP - 610 LP - 617 DO - 10.4187/respcare.07095 VL - 65 IS - 5 AU - Wataru Matsuda AU - Akiyoshi Hagiwara AU - Tatsuki Uemura AU - Takunori Sato AU - Kentaro Kobayashi AU - Ryo Sasaki AU - Tatsuya Okamoto AU - Akio Kimura Y1 - 2020/05/01 UR - http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/65/5/610.abstract N2 - BACKGROUND: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy may reduce the re-intubation rate compared with conventional oxygen therapy. However, HFNC has not been sufficiently compared with conventional oxygen therapy with a heated humidifier, even though heated humidification is beneficial for facilitating airway clearance.METHODS: This study was a single-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial. We randomized subjects with respiratory failure after extubation to either HFNC group or to a large-volume humidified nebulization-based nebulizer. The primary end point was the re-intubation rate within 7 d after extubation.RESULTS: We could not recruit enough subjects for the sample size we designed, therefore, we analyzed 69 subjects (HFNC group, 30 subjects; nebulizer group, 39 subjects). The re-intubation rate within 7 d was not significantly different between the HFNC and nebulizer groups (5/30 subjects [17%] and 6/39 subjects [15%], respectively; P > .99). /set at 24 h after extubation was also not significantly different between the respective groups (264 ± 105 mm Hg in the HFNC group vs 224 ± 53 mm Hg in the nebulizer group; P = .07).CONCLUSIONS: Compared with a large-volume nebulization-based humidifier, HFNC may not reduce the re-intubation rate within 7 d. However, because of insufficient statistical power, further studies are needed to reach a conclusion. ER -