RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Severe Acute Respiratory Failure Secondary to Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Case Report and Literature Review JF Respiratory Care FD American Association for Respiratory Care SP 1337 OP 1341 DO 10.4187/respcare.01452 VO 57 IS 8 A1 Sonia López-Cuenca A1 Silvia Morales-García A1 Ana Martín-Hita A1 Fernando Frutos-Vivar A1 Pilar Fernández-Segoviano A1 Andrés Esteban YR 2012 UL http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/57/8/1337.abstract AB A 27-year-old woman was admitted to our ICU with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and criteria for ARDS. Despite an FIO2 of 1.0 and a lung protective strategy, the patient died on day 15 without any improvement. The relatives gave consent for post-mortem analysis. The histopathologic study of the lung showed findings typical of an acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia. Apropos of this case we performed a PubMed search. We found 13 articles, including a total of 29 patients. Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia is an unusual cause of acute lung injury. The diagnostic criterion is histopathologic. There is little information regarding the pathophysiology of this illness. Important questions remain regarding this disease, including predisposing factors and management. Patients who require mechanical ventilation have poor outcomes.