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How to Measure Self-management Abilities in Older People by Self-report. The Development of the SMAS-30

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Abstract

This paper presents the results of two studies carried out in order to design and test a self-report instrument to measure Self-Management Ability (the SMAS-30) in aging individuals. SMA refers to the core behavioral and cognitive abilities which presumably contribute to sustainable well-being in later life. Robust findings of the studies (n=275 and n=1338) showed that SMA could be measured reliably as a composite concept of abilities systematically linked to dimensions of well-being in adults aged 65 and over, with the different sub-scales revealing a profile of inter-related abilities. A sub-sample of participants in Study 2 (n=86) showed that the SMAS-30 had high reproducibility over a period of 16 weeks. The validity of the SMAS-30 was supported by meaningful associations with other constructs in both studies. As expected, the older and frailer the people, and the poorer their perceived health, the lower their SMA. Moreover, SMA was positively related to several dimensions of subjective well-being and the related concepts of general self-efficacy and mastery.

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Abbreviations

CFA:

Confirmatory Factor Analysis

CI:

Confidence Interval

DM:

Double Monotonicity

ICC:

Intraclass Correlation

IFI:

Incremental Fit Index

MH:

Monotone Homogeneity

PCA:

Principal Components Analysis

RMSEA:

Root Mean Square Error of Approximation

SEM:

Standardized Error of Measurement

SMA:

Self-Management Ability

SMAS-30:

Self-Management Scale-30

SPF theory:

Social Production Functions theory

SRMR:

Standardized Root Mean Square Residual

SSMA theory:

Theory of Successful Self-Management of Aging

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Correspondence to Hanneke Schuurmans.

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Schuurmans, H., Steverink, N., Frieswijk, N. et al. How to Measure Self-management Abilities in Older People by Self-report. The Development of the SMAS-30. Qual Life Res 14, 2215–2228 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-005-8166-9

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