ReviewCardiopulmonary interaction in heart failure
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Cited by (39)
Influence of exertional oscillatory breathing and its temporal behavior in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
2023, International Journal of CardiologyListing Criteria for Heart Transplant: Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test and of Prognostic Scores
2021, Heart Failure ClinicsCitation Excerpt :The rationale behind ventilation assessment is that HF patients exhibit excessive exercise-induced hyperventilation, proportional to the disease severity.41 Consequently, the VE/VCO2 slope during exercise is steeper in patients with more severe disease.41 This feature has several causes, including lung mechanics alterations, reduced lung diffusion, increased ventilatory need because of increased CO2 production, enhanced dead space ventilation, and overactive reflexes from metaboreceptors, baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors.41,42
Effects of bi-level positive airway pressure on ventilatory and perceptual responses to exercise in comorbid heart failure-COPD
2019, Respiratory Physiology and NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :The HF−COPD population, in particular, closely resembled that involved in previous clinical physiology investigations.( Arbex et al., 2016)(Rocha et al., 2016)(Rocha et al., 2017) As expected, these patients tended to present with more impaired lung function with a combined obstructive and restrictive pattern of dysfunction (Neder et al., 2018) rather than the typical mild restrictive pattern seen in HF alone (Apostolo et al., 2012) (Agostoni et al., 2007). Of note, peak WR was similar between the groups (Table 2) thereby allowing us to match them regarding to submaximal exercise intensities (% peak WR).
Pulmonary Limitations in Heart Failure
2019, Clinics in Chest MedicineCitation Excerpt :Bronchial flow limitation has been attributed to airway compression (by pulmonary edema) and/or mucosal edema caused by bronchial congestion (Fig. 1),1,8–10 which may develop from either an increase in blood flow or an increase in blood volume without a change of flow caused by increased cardiac filling pressure or pulmonary artery hypertension.1 Several factors may influence bronchial blood flow in patients with HF, including increased left atrial pressure causing greater pulmonary vascular pressure and bronchial vessel stasis11; stretching of the left heart chambers, which may lead to increased bronchial conductance12; increase in levels of inflammatory and vasoactive mediators, which may influence vasomotor tone and lead to vasodilatation and congestion of bronchial vessels13,14; and chronic hypocapnia, which is a common manifestation of increased left ventricular filling pressures in patients with HF15 and may also lead to vasodilatation.16 Experimental studies have shown fluid overload leads to decrease of the diameter of both small17 and large airways.18
Pulmonary function impairment in patients with chronic heart failure: Lower limit of normal versus conventional cutoff values
2014, Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical CareCitation Excerpt :Isolated or combined pulmonary function abnormalities, such as restriction, diffusion impairment, and to a lesser extent airway obstruction are common in patients with chronic heart failure (HF)1–7 and can contribute to the perception of dyspnea8 and exercise intolerance.8–12