Chest
Original ResearchPulmonary RehabilitationRespiratory Muscle Training for Respiratory Deficits in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Systematic Review
Section snippets
Data Sources and Searches
This systematic review included studies that reported on IMT and/or EMT in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. To search databases, keywords were structured using the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) approach. People with central neurodegenerative disorders were considered as the population. RMT by pressure threshold trainers was defined as the intervention. No comparisons were made with any other treatment. The outcomes were valid and reliable measurements of
Studies Included
Twenty-four studies were identified by the initial search strategy. Only 19 studies met the criteria for full review. Of these 19 studies, 10 met all the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis (Fig 1). Of the 16 parameters present in the quality assessment checklist, only six were achieved for the studies analyzed (Table 1). In total, six EMT and four IMT studies were analyzed. Diagnoses, number of participants, and sex distribution for EMT and IMT studies are shown in Table
Discussion
The results of this review show that the number and the quality of studies detailing IMT and EMT for improving pulmonary function are insufficient. Of the 24 studies initially selected, 14 were discarded for various reasons, as depicted in Figure 1. No studies that assessed respiratory training in patients with Huntington disease were found. According to the quality checklist (Table 1), most of the studies showed a lack of sample size determination, no description of the sampling method or the
Conclusions
There is some evidence that RMT, by using pressure threshold devices, improves a number of respiratory function parameters in patients with Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis. However, the number of studies and their quality are insufficient to conclude whether IMT or EMT is effective in improving pulmonary function in patients with neurodegenerative disorders of the CNS. From the studies analyzed in the current review, it is possible, however, to identify training parameters that can be
Acknowledgments
Author contributions: Mr Reyes had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Mr Reyes: contributed to the concept of the study, development of the search strategy, analysis of the results, and writing of the paper.
Dr Ziman: contributed to the interpretation of results, critical revision of the article for important intellectual content, editing of the paper, and final approval of the version to be
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Funding/Support: The authors have reported to CHEST that no funding was received for this study.