Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Fisher and Paykel (FP) and Vapotherm (VT) high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in preventing reintubation either within 72 h or <7 days after extubation of premature infants. The primary outcome was the rate of extubation failure defined as reintubation within 72 h. Secondary outcomes included reintubation after ≤7 days.
Study design: This was a prospective, randomized pilot study comparing the extubation success of 40 infants born between 26 and 29 weeks of gestation.
Result: The rate of extubation failure at 72 h was 18% for FP and 9% for VT. The failure rate ≤7 days after extubation was 30% for FP and 27% for VT. None of these differences were statistically significant.
Conclusion: There was no difference between FP and VT in the extubation success of infants born between 26 and 29 weeks.