Environmental risk factors for acute respiratory distress syndrome

Farzad Moazed; Carolyn S Calfee

doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2014.08.003

Environmental risk factors for acute respiratory distress syndrome

Clin Chest Med. 2014 Dec;35(4):625-37. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2014.08.003. Epub 2014 Sep 30.

Authors

Farzad Moazed¹, Carolyn S Calfee²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M1097 Box 0111, San Francisco, CA 94143-0111, USA.
² Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M1097 Box 0111, San Francisco, CA 94143-0111, USA. Electronic address: Carolyn.calfee@ucsf.edu.

Abstract

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Over the past several decades, alcohol abuse and cigarette smoke exposure have been identified as risk factors for the development of ARDS. The mechanisms underlying these relationships are complex and remain under investigation but are thought to involve pulmonary immune impairment and alveolar epithelial and endothelial dysfunction. This review summarizes the epidemiologic data supporting links between these exposures and ARDS susceptibility and outcomes and highlights key mechanistic investigations that provide insight into the pathways by which each exposure is linked to ARDS.

Keywords: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Alcohol abuse; Cigarette smoking; Epidemiology; Future interventions; Mechanisms; Modifiable risk factors.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Alcoholism / complications
Environmental Exposure / adverse effects
Humans
Respiratory Distress Syndrome / epidemiology*
Respiratory Distress Syndrome / etiology
Risk Factors
Smoking / adverse effects

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding