Abstract
BACKGROUND: A substantial amount of consumer health-related information is available on the Internet. Studies suggest that consumer comprehension may be compromised if content exceeds a 7th-grade reading level, which is the average American reading level identified by the United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS). OBJECTIVE: To determine the readability of Internet-based consumer health information offered by organizations that represent the top 5 medical-related causes of death in America. We hypothesized that the average readability (reading grade level) of Internet-based consumer health information on heart disease, cancer, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes would exceed the USDHHS recommended reading level.
METHODS: From the Web sites of the American Heart Association, American Cancer Society, American Lung Association, American Diabetes Association, and American Stroke Association we randomly gathered 100 consumer-health-information articles. We assessed each article with 3 readability-assessment tools: SMOG (Simple Measure of Gobbledygook), Gunning FOG (Frequency of Gobbledygook), and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level. We also categorized the articles per the USDHHS readability categories: easy to read (below 6th-grade level), average difficulty (7th to 9th grade level), and difficult (above 9th-grade level).
RESULTS: Most of the articles exceeded the 7th-grade reading level and were in the USDHHS “difficult” category. The mean SD readability score ranges were: SMOG 11.80 ± 2.44 to 14.40 ± 1.47, Flesch-Kincaid 9.85 ± 2.25 to 11.55 ± 0.76, and Gunning FOG 13.10 ± 3.42 to 16.05 ± 2.31. The articles from the American Lung Association had the lowest reading-level scores with each of the readability-assessment tools.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support that Web-based medical information intended for consumer use is written above USDHHS recommended reading levels. Compliance with these recommendations may increase the likelihood of consumer comprehension.
Footnotes
- Correspondence: Tiffany M Walsh, Department of Health Professions, Youngstown State University, One University Plaza, Youngstown OH 44555. Email: tmwalsh01{at}student.ysu.edu.
Ms Walsh presented a version of this paper at the OPEN FORUM at the 53rd International Respiratory Congress of the American Association for Respiratory Care, held December 1-4, 2007, in Orlando, Florida..
The authors report no conflicts of interest related to the content of this paper..
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