Abstract
CPAP and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) offer an alternative to intubation and mechanical ventilation in the treatment of acute and chronic respiratory disorders commonly encountered in infants and children. There are many distinct challenges associated with the application, management, and safety of CPAP and NIV in the pediatric population. This review attempts to identify indications, contraindications, management strategies, and safety measures associated with the application of CPAP or NIV delivery in children. More recently, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has emerged as an alternative to CPAP and NIV. Evidence related to the use of CPAP, NIV, and HFNC is included in this review.
- noninvasive ventilation
- high-flow nasal cannula
- continuous positive airway pressure
- respiratory distress syndrome
- pediatrics
Footnotes
- Correspondence: Katherine L Fedor MBA RRT-NPS CPFT, Pediatric Respiratory Therapy, Cleveland Clinic, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106. E-mail: fedork{at}ccf.org.
Ms Fedor discloses no conflicts of interest.
Ms Fedor presented a version of this paper at the 55th Respiratory Care Journal Conference, “Pediatric Respiratory Care,” held June 10-11, 2016, in St Petersburg, Florida.
↵* Timothy R Myers MBA RRT-NPS FAARC, invited discussant. Mr Myers is the Chief Business Officer, American Association for Respiratory Care.
↵† Thomas J Kallstrom RRT MBA FAARC, invited discussant. Mr Kallstrom is the Executive Director, American Association for Respiratory Care.
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