Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Aerosol deposition with a pressurized metered-dose inhaler without a spacer (A), and with a spacer (B), compared to the soft mist inhaler (C) using radio scintigraphy. From Reference 7, with permission.
- Fig. 2.
The adult lung with dimensions and generations of the airways with predicted aerosol deposition. BSM = bronchial smooth muscle. From Reference 4, with permission.
- Fig. 3.
Components of a pressurized metered-dose inhaler. From Reference 19.
- Fig. 4.
Soft mist inhaler showing the internal components as well as an enlargement of the uniblock, which helps aerosolize the drug solution from the medication cartridge. From Reference 17.
- Fig. 5.
Spacer (top) and valved holding chamber (bottom). From Reference 17.
- Fig. 6.
Delivery of BDP as a small aerosol particle size (QVAR) and as a larger aerosol particle size (BDP) via a CFC inhaler with spacer as well as with a spacer and without a 2-s delay. QVAR = hydrofluoroalkane-beclomethasone dipropionate; CFC = chlorofluorocarbon; BDP = beclomethasone dipropionate. Data from Reference 29.
- Fig. 7.
Examples of dry powder inhalers. Handihaler (A); Ellipta (B).
- Fig. 8.
Drawing of the function of a pneumatic jet nebulizer. From Reference 17.
- Fig. 9.
Nebulizer designs. A: Jet nebulizer with reservoir tube. B: Nebulizer with aerosol collection bag. C: Breath-enhanced nebulizer. D: Breath-actuated nebulizer. In each case, the aerosol output of the device is indicated by the striped area. From Reference 17.
- Fig. 10.
Mesh nebulizer. Top: Principle of operation of the device. Bottom: Representative of commercially available devices. From Reference 17.
- Fig. 11.
Function of an ultrasonic nebulizer. From Reference 168.
- Fig. 12.
A schematic representation of flow and inspiration/expiration ratios of 4 different types of nebulizer. The drug available for inhalation is indicated by the dark shaded areas, whereas the lightly shaded areas indicate losses to the surrounding air.
Tables
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- Article
- Abstract
- Introduction
- History of Modern Aerosol Devices
- Definition of Terms
- Methods to Measure Aerosol Delivery and Deposition
- Aerosol Deposition in the Airways
- Inhaler Devices
- Nebulizers
- Clinical Studies Supporting the Impact of Aerosols
- Inhalation Device Selection
- Patient Education
- Proper Inhalation Techniques
- Summary
- Discussion
- Footnotes
- References
- References
- Figures & Data
- Info & Metrics
- References