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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Impulse Oscillometry Findings and Their Associations With Lung Ultrasound Signs in COVID-19 Survivors

Agnaldo J Lopes, Thiago T Mafort, Mariana S da Cal, Laura B Monnerat, Patrícia F Litrento, Ingrid Ramos, Raphael F J de Oliveira, Claudia H da Costa and Rogério Rufino
Respiratory Care November 2021, 66 (11) 1691-1698; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.09193
Agnaldo J Lopes
Department of Pulmonology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Rehabilitation Sciences Postgraduation Program, Augusto Motta University Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Thiago T Mafort
Department of Pulmonology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Mariana S da Cal
Department of Pulmonology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Laura B Monnerat
Department of Pulmonology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Patrícia F Litrento
Department of Pulmonology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Ingrid Ramos
Department of Pulmonology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Raphael F J de Oliveira
Department of Pulmonology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Claudia H da Costa
Department of Pulmonology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Rogério Rufino
Department of Pulmonology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Because impulse oscillometry (IOS) can detect changes in the small airways and is safer to perform during the COVID-19 pandemic than other pulmonary function tests, it may have value in investigating pulmonary sequelae in COVID-19 survivors. This study evaluated the performance of IOS in detecting lung abnormalities in COVID-19 survivors and investigated the associations of the findings with those of lung ultrasound (LUS) and spirometry.

METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 117 subjects underwent IOS at a frequency range of 4–20 Hz 2 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. They also underwent spirometry and LUS, and their aeration scores were calculated.

RESULTS: On IOS, the resonance frequency was > 12 Hz, and the area under the reactance curve was > 3.60 cm H2O/L/s in 70 (59.8%) and 55 (47.0%) subjects, respectively. A heterogeneity of resistance between R4 and R20 (R4-R20) > 20% was observed in 60 (51.3%) participants. Based on their abnormalities in resistive and reactive parameters, 76 (65.0%) participants had abnormal IOS. Spirometry abnormalities were detected in 40 (34.2%) cases. LUS was abnormal in 51 (43.6%) participants, and the median aeration score was 0 (0–8) points. Abnormal IOS was associated with abnormal LUS (P < .001) and abnormal spirometry (P = .002). Abnormal spirometry had a significant but weaker association with abnormal LUS (P = .031). In participants who reported hospitalization, abnormal IOS was associated with both abnormal LUS (P = .001) and abnormal spirometry (P = .006). In participants who did not report hospitalization, abnormal IOS was associated with abnormal LUS (P < .001) but not abnormal spirometry (P = .063).

CONCLUSIONS: In COVID-19 survivors, IOS detected changes even when spirometry was normal. In these individuals, IOS parameters were more strongly associated with abnormalities on LUS than with abnormalities on spirometry.

  • COVID-19
  • diagnostic imaging
  • lung ultrasound
  • respiratory function tests
  • impulse oscillometry
  • spirometry

Footnotes

  • Correspondence: Agnaldo J Lopes PhD, Rua Araguaia, 1266, bloco 1/405, Freguesia, Jacarepaguá, 22745–271, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E-mail: agnaldolopes.uerj{at}gmail.com
  • This study was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnólogico (CNPq; grant number #302215/2019-0), Brazil, and Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ; grant numbers #E-26/202.679/2018 and #E-26/010.002124/2019), Brazil. Dr Lopes received all these grants from CNPq and FAPERJ.

  • The authors have no conflicts to disclose.

  • Copyright © 2021 by Daedalus Enterprises
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Respiratory Care: 66 (11)
Respiratory Care
Vol. 66, Issue 11
1 Nov 2021
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Impulse Oscillometry Findings and Their Associations With Lung Ultrasound Signs in COVID-19 Survivors
Agnaldo J Lopes, Thiago T Mafort, Mariana S da Cal, Laura B Monnerat, Patrícia F Litrento, Ingrid Ramos, Raphael F J de Oliveira, Claudia H da Costa, Rogério Rufino
Respiratory Care Nov 2021, 66 (11) 1691-1698; DOI: 10.4187/respcare.09193

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Impulse Oscillometry Findings and Their Associations With Lung Ultrasound Signs in COVID-19 Survivors
Agnaldo J Lopes, Thiago T Mafort, Mariana S da Cal, Laura B Monnerat, Patrícia F Litrento, Ingrid Ramos, Raphael F J de Oliveira, Claudia H da Costa, Rogério Rufino
Respiratory Care Nov 2021, 66 (11) 1691-1698; DOI: 10.4187/respcare.09193
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Keywords

  • COVID-19
  • diagnostic imaging
  • lung ultrasound
  • respiratory function tests
  • impulse oscillometry
  • spirometry

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