The Effect of COVID-19 on ICU Delirium Rate

Abstract

Background: ICU delirium is common in critically ill patients resulting in adverse outcomes, such as extended length of stays, and cognitive impairment post-discharge. This research aims to explore the impact of COVID-19 era on ICU delirium rate, aiding the awareness of treatment and monitoring mechanisms.

Methods: This research utilized a retrospective study design. Data were collected and analyzed using a medical record database. The study population comprised of patients with ICU delirium both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed the delirium rate before the COVID-19 pandemic by 2 years (January 2018 – March 2020) and after the pandemic by 2 years (March 2020 – Dec 2022).

Results: A total of 396 patients with delirium were collected. Females were 166 (42%) and females were 230 (58%). Mean age was 67 y (± 18). Patients with delirium before the pandemic was 143 (36%) while delirium patients after the pandemic was (64%) (P = .006). No significant differences were observed in age, length of stay, morbidity, or mortality rates between the two groups. However, delirium was significantly higher in patients who tested COVID positive (1%) before the pandemic and 7% after the pandemic (P = .006)

Conclusions: The rate of delirium is higher in post COVID-19 pandemic era. This research highlights the importance and significance of delirium treatment and follow up of patients admitted during the pandemic. Also, our research raises the question of effective preventive measures and practices taken to avoid delirium and its consequences during global pandemics.