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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Delivering Low Tidal Volume With Anesthesia and ICU Ventilators in a Neonatal Lung Model

Kyle J Medeiros, Caio A Morais, Dario Winterton, David M Rub, Roberta De Santis Santiago, Nitika Shekhar, Daniel Chipman, Thomas T Monaghan, Edward A Bittner, Ryan Carroll and Lorenzo Berra
Respiratory Care February 2023, respcare.10354; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.10354
Kyle J Medeiros
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Caio A Morais
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
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Dario Winterton
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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David M Rub
Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Roberta De Santis Santiago
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Nitika Shekhar
Respiratory Care Department, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Daniel Chipman
Respiratory Care Department, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Thomas T Monaghan
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Edward A Bittner
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Ryan Carroll
Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Lorenzo Berra
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mechanical ventilation of the neonate requires ventilators than can deliver precise and accurate tidal volume (VT) and PEEP to avoid lung injury. Due to small neonatal VT and the disproportionate effect of endotracheal tube leak in these patients, accomplishing precise and accurate VT delivery is difficult. Whereas neonatal ICU ventilators are validated in this population, thorough studies testing the performance of anesthesia ventilators in delivering small VT in neonates are lacking.

METHODS: Three anesthesia ventilators, Dräger Apollo, GE Avance, and Getinge Flow-i; and 2 ICU ventilators, Medtronic PB980 and Nihon Kohden NKV-550, were tested under volume control mode at VT of 5, 20, 40, and 60 mL. Three combinations of lung compliance and airway resistance were tested using a Servo ASL 5000 lung simulator.

RESULTS: In a scenario without leak, the measured VT was > the set VT by > 10% in the Apollo (21.0% [18.8–26.0]); measured VT was < the set VT by > 10% in the Flow-i (−19% [−20.8 to −18.7]). The Avance, PB980, and NKV-550 presented a volume error < 10% (−9.50% [−10.8 to −4.4], −5.8% [−11.8 to −3.5], and 5.4% [−4.5 to 18.9], respectively). Considering all combinations of set VT, leaks, and respiratory mechanics, none of the anesthesia ventilators were able to deliver a median measured VT within a 10% error. The bias between measured VT and set VT varied widely among ventilators (from 4.27 mL to −10.59 mL). Additionally, in the Apollo ventilator, PEEP was underdelivered with the largest leak value.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that in comparison with the 2 neonatal ICU ventilators tested, the anesthesia ventilators did not greatly differ in terms of VT delivery in the presence of a gas leak.

  • airway resistance
  • anesthesia ventilators
  • lung compliance
  • neonate
  • PEEP
  • tidal volume
  • volume control mode

Footnotes

  • Correspondence: Lorenzo Berra MD, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114. E-mail: Lberra{at}mgh.harvard.edu
  • Copyright © 2023 by Daedalus Enterprises

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Respiratory Care: 68 (3)
Respiratory Care
Vol. 68, Issue 3
1 Mar 2023
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Delivering Low Tidal Volume With Anesthesia and ICU Ventilators in a Neonatal Lung Model
Kyle J Medeiros, Caio A Morais, Dario Winterton, David M Rub, Roberta De Santis Santiago, Nitika Shekhar, Daniel Chipman, Thomas T Monaghan, Edward A Bittner, Ryan Carroll, Lorenzo Berra
Respiratory Care Feb 2023, respcare.10354; DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10354

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Delivering Low Tidal Volume With Anesthesia and ICU Ventilators in a Neonatal Lung Model
Kyle J Medeiros, Caio A Morais, Dario Winterton, David M Rub, Roberta De Santis Santiago, Nitika Shekhar, Daniel Chipman, Thomas T Monaghan, Edward A Bittner, Ryan Carroll, Lorenzo Berra
Respiratory Care Feb 2023, respcare.10354; DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10354
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Keywords

  • airway resistance
  • anesthesia ventilators
  • lung compliance
  • neonate
  • PEEP
  • tidal volume
  • volume control mode

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