RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 MicroRNA Expression Profile in Hyperoxia-Exposed Newborn Mice During the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia JF Respiratory Care FD American Association for Respiratory Care SP 1009 OP 1015 DO 10.4187/respcare.01032 VO 56 IS 7 A1 Xiaoying Zhang A1 Wei Peng A1 Sheng Zhang A1 Chunzhi Wang A1 Xiyu He A1 Zhimei Zhang A1 Lina Zhu A1 Yan Wang A1 Zhichun Feng YR 2011 UL http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/56/7/1009.abstract AB BACKGROUND: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease of preterm neonates; the underlying pathogenesis is not fully understood. MicroRNAs (length 21–25 nucleotides) are ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules that have important functions in development, cellular differentiation, apoptosis, proliferation, and migration; very little is known regarding their role in developmental lung diseases. METHODS: We exposed neonatal mice to either room air or 60% oxygen, beginning at birth, and we used microRNA microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction on lung samples. RESULTS: The hyperoxia-exposed mice developed a lung injury that mimicked human BPD. Fifty-one microRNAs shared similar profiles in the hyperoxia-exposed BPD lungs and the normal lungs, which indicates that those microRNAs might play a protective role during the septation process. In the BPD lungs, compared to the control lungs, 14 microRNAs were up-regulated, and 7 microRNAs were down-regulated, which indicates that these microRNAs might play an important role in the development of BPD. Some of the candidate microRNAs can regulate cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this study is the first to identify microRNAs associated with BPD development, which provides a clue for further investigation of their function in BPD development.