PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Craig R Wheeler
AU  - Craig D Smallwood
TI  - 2019 Year in Review: Neonatal Respiratory Support
AID  - 10.4187/respcare.07720
DP  - 2020 May 01
TA  - Respiratory Care
PG  - 693--704
VI  - 65
IP  - 5
4099  - http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/65/5/693.short
4100  - http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/65/5/693.full
AB  - Respiratory support of the critically ill neonate has steadily shifted from invasive to noninvasive forms of support. There have recently been a number of important advances in our understanding of the changes to neonatal resuscitation practices as they pertain to clinically important outcomes, mechanisms of gas exchange for high-flow nasal cannula, and best use of noninvasive ventilation and predicting response. Although the proportion of infants requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation has decreased, the most severely ill often still require intubation and ventilation. Recently, volume-targeted ventilation, high-frequency ventilation, and different methods of assessing weaning and extubation have been investigated. This review summarizes a number of important advances that have been made in the management of prematurity and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.