RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Physiologic Effects of High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Healthy Subjects
JF Respiratory Care
FD American Association for Respiratory Care
SP 1346
OP 1354
DO 10.4187/respcare.07306
VO 65
IS 9
A1 Mathieu Delorme
A1 Pierre-Alexandre Bouchard
A1 Mathieu Simon
A1 Serge Simard
A1 François Lellouche
YR 2020
UL http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/65/9/1346.abstract
AB BACKGROUND: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is increasingly used in the management of acute and chronic respiratory failure. Little is known about the optimal settings for HFNC. This study was designed to assess the dose effect of HFNC on respiratory effort indexes and respiratory patterns in spontaneously breathing adults.METHODS: A randomized controlled crossover study was conducted in 10 healthy subjects. Five experimental conditions were evaluated: baseline with no therapy; 5 L/min with conventional nasal prongs; and HFNC at 20, 40, and 60 L/min. The primary outcomes were the indexes of respiratory effort (ie, esophageal pressure swing [ΔPes], esophageal pressure-time product, and work of breathing). Secondary outcomes included breathing pattern parameters and blood gases. Dead-space ventilation and washout were calculated based on minute ventilation, breathing frequency, and Radford equations.RESULTS: ΔPes increased from median (interquartile range [IQR] 3.2 (2.2–3.6) cm H2O at baseline to median (IQR) 5.7 (4.6–6.8) cm H2O at 60 L/min (P < .001). Neither esophageal pressure-time product nor work of breathing were modified during the tested conditions. The minute volume was significantly reduced at 40 and 60 L/min compared with baseline (P = .04), mostly driven by an important and dose-dependent reduction in breathing frequency, from median (IQR) 16 (15–18) breaths/min at baseline, to median (IQR) 8 (7–10) breaths/min at 60 L/min (P < .001). Capillary was stable in all the tested conditions. The calculated dead-space ventilation was reduced by half with HFNC.CONCLUSIONS: HFNC did not significantly modify work of breathing in healthy subjects. However, a significant reduction in the minute volume was achieved, capillary remaining constant, which suggests a reduction in dead-space ventilation with flows > 20 L/min. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT02495675).