PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Donn, Steven M AU - Dalton, Jennifer TI - Surfactant Replacement Therapy in the Neonate: Beyond Respiratory Distress Syndrome DP - 2009 Sep 01 TA - Respiratory Care PG - 1203--1208 VI - 54 IP - 9 4099 - http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/54/9/1203.short 4100 - http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/54/9/1203.full AB - Surfactant-replacement therapy is a life-saving treatment for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome, a disorder characterized by surfactant deficiency. Repletion with exogenous surfactant decreases mortality and thoracic air leaks and is a standard practice in the developed world. In addition to respiratory distress syndrome, other neonatal respiratory disorders are characterized by surfactant deficiency, which may result from decreased synthesis or inactivation. Two of these disorders, meconium aspiration syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, might also be amenable to surfactant-replacement therapy. This paper discusses the use of surfactant-replacement therapy beyond respiratory distress syndrome and examines the evidence to date.