Effects of inhaled acids on airway mucus and its consequences for health

Environ Health Perspect. 1989 Feb:79:109-13. doi: 10.1289/ehp.8979109.

Abstract

The high molecular fractions, i.e., greater than 100,000 dalton, are found to be most responsible for the H+ ion absorption capacity of the mucus in the respiratory tract. This function serves as a protection against the penetration of the H+ ion to the surrounding tissue. Acidifying mucus with a high concentration of protein, mainly glycoproteins, results in increased viscosity, which affects various lung functions. After acid saturation of the mucus, the H+ ion will react with the epithelial tissue, which results in increased permeability and a variety of effects. Acidic mucus or mucus with a low protein concentration, as in some asthmatics, constitutes a base for risk groups regarding acidic exposures. A rough estimate indicates that persons with normal mucus buffer capacity and protein content can tolerate about 3000 micrograms SO2/m3 or 300 micrograms H2SO4/m3 per 30 min.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acid Rain / adverse effects*
  • Air Pollutants / adverse effects*
  • Airway Resistance / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Mucus / drug effects*
  • Respiratory System / drug effects*
  • Risk Factors
  • Sulfur Dioxide / adverse effects*
  • Sulfuric Acids / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Acid Rain
  • Air Pollutants
  • Sulfuric Acids
  • Sulfur Dioxide
  • sulfuric acid