Objective The Surgical Apgar Score is a validated prognostic tool that is based on select
intraoperative variables (heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and blood loss). It has been shown …

Background Chest wall injuries have serious clinical consequences. It is presumed a higher
severity of injury correlates with worse outcomes. The 2 most common chest wall injury …

BACKGROUND There remains a lack of knowledge about readmission characteristics after
sustaining rib fractures. We aimed to determine rates, characteristics, and predictive/…

… Dr Christopher F. Janowak guided the interpretation of the data and revised the manuscript
for critically important intellectual content. Dr Brian S. Pan advised on the conception and …

OBJECTIVE Despite increasing female representation in General Surgery (GS) residency
training programs, proportional improvement of female enrollment in surgical fellowships has …

Trauma patients are vulnerable to medication error given multiple handoffs throughout the
hospital. The purpose of this study was to assess trends in medication errors in trauma …

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary contusions (PCs) have historically been viewed as a serious
complicating factor in thoracic injury. Recently, there has been conflicting evidence regarding …

BACKGROUND: Blunt pulmonary contusions are associated with severe chest injuries and
are independently associated with worse outcomes. Previous preclinical studies suggest that …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly used as powerful anti-neoplastic therapies in
the setting of melanoma. Colitis is a known complication of immune checkpoint inhibitors …

BACKGROUND Over the last two decades, the acute management of rib fractures has
changed significantly. In 2021, the Chest Wall injury Society (CWIS) began recognizing centers …