Exploration of the Utility of a Brief Electronic Cigarettes Educational Module for Health Professions Students: A National Study

Abstract

Background: E-cigarettes are fairly new, but are exponentially increasing in popularity. Subsequently, there is emerging evidence-based research on the topic. Patients are increasingly asking healthcare providers about e-cigarettes, especially as methods for cessation from combustible cigarettes. The advice patients receive from healthcare providers influences their perceptions and behaviors. Current and future healthcare providers should be prepared to provide advice to their patients regarding this emerging issue. The purpose of the study was to assess and compare the knowledge, perceptions, and self-efficacy of emerging healthcare professionals (students) regarding the use of e-cigarettes. Methods: This IRB approved, national survey of nursing and respiratory therapy (RT) students utilized a pre-test, post-test design following a brief educational intervention. The brief on-line video module was a 9.5 minute review of the National Academies of Science publication, “Public Consequences of E-Cigarettes.” Knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy for counseling about e-cigarettes were explored using an on-line survey instrument before and after viewing the video. Data analyses included descriptive statistics and t-tests. Results: A total of 308 students (54% RT; 57% associate’s degree) were recruited by an email sent to their program director and elected to participate. Most (77.3%) were not educated in their program about e-cigarettes, and received information largely from ads and social media. Baseline assessment of their knowledge and perceptions were not congruent with the current levels of scientific evidence, but this improved following the educational intervention. In addition, student reported self-efficacy in counseling also improved (P < .001) after viewing the e-cigarette module. Conclusions: Emerging RT and nursing professionals are not receiving adequate education on e-cigarettes in their curriculum which may impact their ability to properly discuss the topic with patients. A brief education module was shown to be effective in improving perceptions and increasing students’ knowledge and confidence. The module can be easily embedded into program curricula and can also be updated continuously as the scientific evidence about e-cigarettes emerges. Further exploration of the use of this brief online e-cigarettes module tailored to a variety of audiences including healthcare providers, patients, parents, and teens is recommended.