Comparative Analysis of Respiratory Symptoms and Pulmonary Function of Painters and Welders in Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Occupational exposure to paint chemicals and welding fumes have received little attention despite the broad use of these paint chemicals and welding fumes. Objective: The study aimed at identifying the risk of painters and welders to develop some respiratory symptoms as a result of long-term exposures to the chemicals and gas fumes present in these occupations respectively. Methods: The study group comprised of 396 participants that included 150 painters, 150 welders and 96 non-exposed groups. A questionnaire adopted from St. George’s respiratory questionnaire was used to assess the respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function test (kg/m², FVC and PEFR) was done using a spirometer. The data was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) [version 23.0 Chicago, 11, USA]. Inferential statistics of one-way ANOVA was used to test hypothesis. Alpha level was set at P < .05. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in the respiratory symptoms of painters and welders, F (4.70, 700.89) = 55.86, P < 0.05. There was also a significant difference in the pulmonary functions of painters and welders, F (1.06, 158.18) = 4.66, P < 0.05. Conclusions: The study concluded that both painters and welders are at risk of developing respiratory challenges as a result of long term exposures to both paint chemicals and welding fumes respectively. Key Words: Pulmonary function, Respiratory Symptoms, Painters, Welders. Clinical Implications and Recommendations: Routine monitoring of the pulmonary state of both painters and welders should be included in the health management policy and implementation of safety practices by both employers and employees as regards the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in order to reduce the risk of developing respiratory and other health challenges. Disclosures: Self-Funded Ethical Approval: Health Research Ethical Committee, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital.