Burnout, Wellness, and Fulfillment Among Respiratory Therapists During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Background: Burnout among respiratory therapists (RTs) has been reported as high as 72% during the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited data are available regarding wellness and fulfillment among RTs. The purpose of this study was to conduct interviews to explore burnout, wellness, and fulfillment among RTs working in critical care during the COVID-19 pandemic and to inform future decisions for potential interventions to reduce burnout and increase feelings of fulfillment.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews to learn about RTs experience of burnout, wellness, and job fulfillment during the pandemic. Recruitment occurred from April – May 2021 in a single academic, tertiary care medical center. We recruited staff RTs by including study information in a biweekly email and on flyers posted throughout workspaces. A single research coordinator conducted all interviews via videoconference or telephone. Participants received a $50 gift card in compensation for their time. All interviews were recorded and transcribed for analysis. Two of the authors identified themes using open coding. The study was approved by the University of Pennsylvania IRB.

Results: Seven RTs participated in interviews. Median experience in the field was 16 (4.5-27) years. Respondents felt that burnout was driven by lack of staffing, challenges of working during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the emotional toll of caring for patients who were extremely ill. Factors reported to improve wellness included: working consistently in the same units, participating in committees, and professionalism among colleagues. Respondents felt fulfilled by building relationships with colleagues, having the ability to teach new colleagues and learn new skills, caring for patients and seeing them progress, and being appreciated by MDs, other staff, and patients. Regarding interventions to reduce burnout and improve wellness, respondents reported that they appreciated interactions with colleagues and camaraderie of celebrations, which were limited during the pandemic. However, the most consistent recommended intervention was to reduce staff shortages.

Conclusions: RTs experienced high levels of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Coping mechanisms, such as interactions and celebrations with their colleagues, were interrupted due to pandemic policies. Interventions to provide more staffing and increased peer interactions may mitigate the severe burnout experienced by this group.