Carbon Dioxide Elimination and Oxygen Consumption in Mechanically Ventilated Children

References

1. 1.↵
   1. Mehta NM,
   2. Compher C

   . ASPEN Clinical Guidelines: nutrition support of the critically ill child. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2009;33(3):260–276.

   OpenUrlFREE Full Text
2. 2.
   1. Romero PV,
   2. Lucangelo U,
   3. Lopez Aguilar J,
   4. Fernandez R,
   5. Blanch L

   . Physiologically based indices of volumetric capnography in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Eur Respir J. 1997;10(6):1309-1315.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
3. 3.
   1. Russell GB,
   2. Graybeal JM

   . Reliability of the arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide gradient in mechanically ventilated patients with multisystem trauma. J Trauma 1994;36(3):317–322.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
4. 4.
   1. Brandi LS,
   2. Bertolini R,
   3. Santini L,
   4. Cavani S

   . Effects of ventilator resetting on indirect calorimetry measurement in the critically ill surgical patient. Crit Care Med 1999;27(3):531–539.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
5. 5.↵
   1. Sullivan KJ,
   2. Kissoon N,
   3. Goodwin SR

   . End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in pediatric emergencies. Pediatr Emerg Care 2005;21(5):327–332; quiz 333-325.

   OpenUrlPubMed
6. 6.↵
   1. Stuart-Andrews CR,
   2. Peyton P,
   3. Robinson GJ,
   4. Terry D,
   5. O'Connor B,
   6. Van der Herten C,
   7. Lithgow B

   . In vivo validation of the M-COVX metabolic monitor in patients under anaesthesia. Anaesth Intensive Care 2007;35(3):398–405.

   OpenUrlPubMed
7. 7.↵
   1. Mehta NM,
   2. Bechard LJ,
   3. Dolan M,
   4. Ariagno K,
   5. Jiang H,
   6. Duggan C

   . Energy imbalance and the risk of overfeeding in critically ill children. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2011;12(4):398–405.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
8. 8.↵
   1. Petros S,
   2. Engelmann L

   . Validity of an abbreviated indirect calorimetry protocol for measurement of resting energy expenditure in mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 2001;27(7):1164–1168.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
9. 9.↵
   1. McClave SA,
   2. Spain DA,
   3. Skolnick JL,
   4. Lowen CC,
   5. Kieber MJ,
   6. Wickerham PS,
   7. et al

   . Achievement of steady state optimizes results when performing indirect calorimetry. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2003;27(1):16–20.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
10. 10.↵
    1. Smallwood CD,
    2. Mehta NM

    . Accuracy of abbreviated indirect calorimetry protocols for energy expenditure measurement in critically ill children. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2012;36(6):693–699.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
11. 11.↵
    1. Mehta NM,
    2. Smallwood CD,
    3. Joosten KF,
    4. Hulst JM,
    5. Tasker RC,
    6. Duggan CP

    . Accuracy of a simplified equation for energy expenditure based on bedside volumetric carbon dioxide elimination measurement—a two-center study. Clin Nutr 2014 [Epub ahead of print] doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.02.008.
12. 12.↵
    1. Walsh TS

    . Recent advances in gas exchange measurement in intensive care patients. Br J Anaesth 2003;91(1):120–131.

    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
13. 13.↵
    1. Joosten KF,
    2. Verhoeven JJ,
    3. Hop WC,
    4. Hazelzet JA

    . Indirect calorimetry in mechanically ventilated infants and children: accuracy of total daily energy expenditure with 2 hour measurements. Clin Nutr 1999;18(3):149–152.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
14. 14.↵
    1. White MS,
    2. Shepherd RW,
    3. McEniery JA

    . Energy expenditure measurements in ventilated critically ill children: within- and between-day variability. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1999;23(5):300–304.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
15. 15.↵
    1. Lindahl SG,
    2. Offord KP,
    3. Johannesson GP,
    4. Meyer DM,
    5. Hatch DJ

    . Carbon dioxide elimination in anaesthetized children. Can J Anaesth. 1989;36(2):113–119.

    OpenUrlPubMed
16. 16.↵
    1. Lindahl SG

    . Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide elimination in infants and children during anaesthesia and surgery. Br J Anaesth. 1989;62(1):70–76.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
17. 17.↵
    1. Framson CM,
    2. LeLeiko NS,
    3. Dallal GE,
    4. Roubenoff R,
    5. Snelling LK,
    6. Dwyer JT

    . Energy expenditure in critically ill children. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2007;8(3):264–267.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
18. 18.↵
    1. White MS,
    2. Shepherd RW,
    3. McEniery JA

    . Energy expenditure in 100 ventilated, critically ill children: improving the accuracy of predictive equations. Crit Care Med 2000;28(7):2307–2312.

    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
19. 19.↵
    1. Vazquez Martinez JL,
    2. Martinez-Romillo PD,
    3. Diez Sebastian J,
    4. Ruza Tarrio F

    . Predicted versus measured energy expenditure by continuous, online indirect calorimetry in ventilated, critically ill children during the early postinjury period. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2004;5(1):19–27.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
20. 20.↵
    1. Smallwood CD,
    2. Mehta NM

    . Gas exchange measurement during pediatric mechanical ventilation–agreement between gas sampling at the airway and the ventilator exhaust. Clin Nutr 2013;32(6):988–992.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
21. 21.↵
    1. Wines KN,
    2. Rzepecki AK,
    3. Andrews AL,
    4. Dechert RE

    . Validation of the V_max metabolic cart in a simulated pediatric model. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2014 [Epub ahead of print] doi: 10.1177/0148607114527619.